![]() Agencies may vary in relation to MAR verification processes.Ģ a. As you are removing medications from the dispensing system, perform the SEVEN rights three times with each individual medication: (single dose packaging is not opened at this time) Follow agency policy to ensure MARs are accurate and verified appropriately.Īn MAR that is checked by more than one healthcare professional provides a very reliable record for administering medications. Perform hand hygiene before medication preparation.Ĭheck MAR to guide you to which medications you are preparing. ![]() Be knowledgeable about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the medications being administered.ġ.Remain with the patient until all medications have been swallowed.EC, LA, SR medications cannot be crushed or chewed.Consider timing-some medications are to be given on an empty stomach.Ensure the patient can swallow and that there are no contraindications to receiving oral medications.Review everything in Table 6.1 Principles for Safer Medication Administration.Checklist 45: Administering Medication by Mouth Disclaimer: Always review and follow your agency policy regarding this specific skill. Sign for the medication AFTER the medication has been swallowed / administered.Ĭhecklist 45 outlines the steps for administering medication by mouth. Offer a glass of water or other oral fluid (that is not contraindicated with the medication) to ease swallowing and improve absorption and dissolution of the medication, taking any fluid restrictions into account. Remain with the patient until all medication has been swallowed. ![]() Position the patient in a side-lying or upright position to decrease the risk of aspiration. Mixing crushed medications in a small amount of soft food, such as applesauce or pudding may facilitate easier swallowing. This will allow the administrator to tell drugs apart if there is a spill or if the patient refuses some of them. If medications are able to be crushed and must be in order to allow the patient to swallow them, they should be crushed one at a time and not mixed. SR and LA medications if crushed would result in high doses being absorbed quickly potentially causing adverse events-some of which could be fatal. ![]() ![]() Crushing it would cause absorption in the stomach, potentially causing adverse events. EC medications are designed to be absorbed in the small bowel. Medications such as enteric-coated (EC) tablets, capsules, and sustained-release (SR) or long-acting (LA) drugs should never be crushed because doing so will affect the intended action of the medication (Lilley et al., 2016). Verify that a tablet may be crushed by consulting a drug reference or a pharmacist. If the patient is having difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), some tablets may be crushed using a clean mortar and pestle or pill crusher. Medication given orally has a slower onset and a more prolonged, but less potent, effect than medication administered by other routes (Lynn, 2011). Prior to oral administration of medications, ensure that the patient has no contraindications to receiving oral medication, is able to swallow, and is not on gastric suction. Medication is usually given orally, which is generally the most comfortable and convenient route for the patient. Non-Parenteral Medication AdministrationĦ.3 Administering Medications by Mouth and Gastric Tube Administering Medication by Mouth Figure 6.2 Various oral medications ![]()
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